中文摘要：

乙偶姻（3．羟基-2-丁酮）作为一种应用广泛的食用香料和重要的平台化合物，具有广阔的工业应用前景。与传统的化学合成方法不同，高效、环保的乙偶姻生物制备方法，可以减轻资源和环境压力，促进我国低碳经济的发展。近来，生物法制备平台化学品乙偶姻取得了丰硕的研究成果。总结了最近几年国内外在该领域最新的研究热点及方向，简述了发酵法生产乙偶姻的优势菌株概况，重点综述了以糖类物质为底物生产乙偶姻的最新策略及研究成果、将微生物改造为生产手性乙偶姻的高效细胞炼制工厂以及将2，3-丁二醇或双乙酰作为发酵底物的研究趋势，并介绍了乙偶姻的分离纯化工艺。使用非致病性的安全菌株，高效率地利用廉价底物，并采用经济、简单、环保的分离纯化方式，从而生产具有高附加值的食品级或高手性纯度乙偶姻，是生物法制备乙偶姻产业化发展的可靠保障。

英文摘要：

Acetoin （3-hydroxy-2-butanone）, widely used mainly in foods as an additive to enhance the flavor and in chemical synthesis as a platform chemical, has broad industrial application prospects. It is classified as one of the 30 platform chemicals that were given the priority to their development and utilization by the U. S. Department of Energy. Compared to traditional chemical synthetic methods, economical, environment-friendly and efficient microbial production of acetoin has significant impetus to the low-carbon economy development of China. Currently, many achievements have been made in the biosynthesis of acetoin. This state-of-the-art review summarized the focus of the researchers＇ attentions nowadays, briefly described the strains used for acetoin production （especially Class 1 microorganisms） , reviewed the latest strategies combining metabolic engineering, evolutionary engineering, cofactor engineering and fermentation engineering for acetoin production, and introduced the technology improvement for recovering processing. These achievements in the last five years were classified and discussed with state-of-the-art views. At last, guidelines for future studies were also proposed. It is pointed out that future research should focus on improvement of strains for acetoin tolerance and developing metabolic engineered class I strains for chiral acetoin production with high yield and productivity. More attention should be paid for the improvement of separation and purification process to lower the cost of downstream processing.