中文摘要：

背景：丝素蛋白属于天然的大分子材料,含有一种与细胞黏附关系密切的特殊三肽结构,即精-甘-天冬氨酸肽结构,能促进细胞在纤维材料表面迁移、黏附和增殖,影响细胞的形态和功能。目的：比较不同丝素蛋白支架修复大鼠颊黏膜缺损的效果。方法：取90只SD大鼠,制作单侧颊黏膜缺损模型,随机分为3组,每组30只,实验组于颊黏膜缺损处置入多孔丝素蛋白支架,对照组于颊黏膜缺损处置入复层物理交联丝素蛋白膜,空白对照组于颊黏膜缺损处覆盖凡士林纱布并缝合。术后15 d检测创面直径;术后30 d取缺损部位,进行苏木精-伊红染色。结果与结论：（1）颊黏膜创面直径检测结果：术后15 d,实验组颊黏膜创面直径显著小于对照组、空白对照组（P〈0.05）,对照组小于空白对照组（P〈0.05）。（2）苏木精-伊红染色结果：术后30 d,实验组上皮细胞钉突相对较多,丝素蛋白纤维部分吸收降解,成纤维细胞数明显多于对照组、空白对照组（P〈0.05）,炎性细胞数少于对照组、空白对照组（P〈0.05）。（3）结果证明,多孔丝素蛋白支架在颊黏膜缺损修复中能够加速上皮化,更加有利于创面愈合。

英文摘要：

BACKGROUND： Fibroin is a natural macromolecular material with Arg-Gly-Asp peptide structure that is a special tripeptide structure closely related to cell adhesion, and it can promote cell migration, adhesion, and proliferation and influence cell morphology and function. OBJECTIVE： To compare the effects of different silk fibroin scaffolds to repair buccal mucosa defects in rats. METHODS： Ninety Sprague-Dawley rats were selected to make unilateral buccal mucosa defect models, and randomly divided into three groups, 30 rats in each group： porous silk fibroin scaffold was implanted into the buccal mucosa defect in experimental group, multi-layered crosslinked silk fibroin film was implanted into the buccal mucosa defect in control group, and vaseline gauze was used to cover the buccal mucosa defect followed by suturing in blank control group. After 15 days, wound diameter was detected; after 30 days, bone defect tissues were taken for hematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： At postoperative 15 days, the wound diameter was significantly smaller in the experimental group than the control and blank control groups（P〈0.05）, as well as smaller in the control group than the blank control group（P〈0.05）. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that at 30 days after operation, there were more epithelial spikes and fibroblasts, but less inflammatory cells in the experimental group than the other two groups（P〈0.05）, and fibroin fibers were partially absorbed and degraded in the experimental group. These findings indicate that porous silk fibroin scaffold for buccal mucosa defect repair can accelerate epithelialization and wound healing.