中文摘要：

掌握交通工程沿线野生动物时空分布特征对于野生动物通道设置至关重要。本研究于2014~2016年的6月、8月和12月沿青藏公路昆仑山口至五道梁路段展开调查,记录公路和铁路沿线有蹄类动物种类和数量,利用样线法分析了有蹄类动物在不同区域的分布规律,并进行多样性分析。结果表明：该路段共分布有4种有蹄类动物,藏羚羊（Pantholops hodgsoni）、野牦牛（Bos grunniens）、藏野驴（Equus kiang）和藏原羚（Procapra picticaudata）;4种有蹄类动物共9 687只,藏羚羊种群数量显著多于其他3种有蹄类动物;从空间分布和多样性及均匀度指数来看,K2970-K3009是藏羚羊聚集路段,K2900-K2969区段是藏原羚、藏野驴和野牦牛保护的重点路段;从时间分布来看,非迁徙期路域种群数量更大,藏羚羊在K2970-K2979、藏原羚在K3000-K3009、野牦牛在K2900-K2909和K2920-K2959、藏野驴在K2920-K2939区段,非迁徙季节的种群数量显著高于迁徙季节。青藏高速公路有蹄类动物通道设置不仅要考虑有蹄类动物时空分布特征,还要与青藏铁路野生动物通道设置位置相互协调。

英文摘要：

Knowledge of the spatial and temporal distribution of wildlife along transportation lines is vital to the design of wildlife crossing structures. Species richness and abundant of ungulates along the Qinghai to Tibet highway and railway were recorded within the section of Kunlun Mountain pass to Wudaoliang on June, August and December in 2014, 2015 and 2016. Four species of ungulates were recorded, Tibetan antelope（ Pantholops hodgsoni）, Wild yak（ Bos grunniens）, Kiang （Equus kiang）and Tibetan gazelle（ Procapra picticaudate）. 9 687 ungulates were recorded, and Tibetan antelope was dominant. Tibetan antelope was concentrated along K2970 to K3009, and section K2.900 to K2969 is the key section to protect Tibetan gazelle, Kiang and Wild yak. Popula- tion numbers of the four ungulates in non - migration season were higher than in migration season, especially along K2970 - K2979 for Tibetan antelope, K3000 - K3009 for Tibetan gazelle, K2900 - K2909 and K2920 - K2959 for Wild yak, and K2920 - K2939 for Kiang. This study suggested that the design of wildlife crossing structures along expressways in the near future should consider not only the spatial and temporal distributions of ungulates, but should also combine the locations of existing wildlife passages along the Qinghai to Tibet railway.