中文摘要：

介绍了高分辨率X射线显微成像产生背景和发展过程，着重分析了基于光学元件波带片的放大成像的基本原理，并简述了高分辨率三维成像的有关理论。同时给出国内外高分辨率X射线显微成像研究的最新进展，展望了高分辨率X射线显微成像的应用前景。

英文摘要：

The background and principle of zone plate based high resolution X-ray microscopy is reviewed, as well as X-ray 3D imaging. The latest developments and future prospects in ＇this field are also discussed.