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中文摘要：
汞作为环境的主要污染重金属之一,对土壤微生物的影响是表征其环境效应的重要方面,结果可为土壤环境监测等提供生物学依据。以安徽省淮南市水稻土为材料,通过室内模拟试验探索了汞对土壤微生物区系的影响。结果表明,汞对土壤中细菌、真菌和放线菌的增殖总体上具有抑制作用,但这种抑制效应具有波动性特点,并且随着培养时间的延长微生物的被抑制程度减弱。高浓度汞（50 mg·kg-1）在整个培养期内对细菌、真菌和放线菌均有显著的抑制作用;中低浓度汞（10 mg·kg-1和2 mg·kg-1）对微生物影响随培养时间而波动。全汞和有效汞的含量显著影响了三大菌群的数量（P〈0.05）。真菌在较高汞污染土壤上产生抗性,而放线菌对汞污染较为敏感,能够指示程度较轻的土壤汞污染。
英文摘要：
Mercury is one of the major heavy metal pollutants in the environment and its effect on soil microorganism is an important aspect to characterize the soil environment. Investigation of the relationship between mercury concentration and soil microorganism can provide a biological basis for soil environmental monitoring. In this paper, the effect of mercury on microbial populations（bacteria, fungi and actinomyces） in paddy soils in Huainan City, Anhui province, was studied through the laboratory simulation experiments. The results showed that mercury generally inhibited the development of bacteria, fungi and actinomyces; however, the responses of microorganisms revealed different features to mercury pollution. The microbial populations increased with the increasing of culture time. The highest concentrations of mercury（50 mg·kg-1） had significant inhibitory effect on bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes throughout the culture period. A higher or lower concentration of mercury（10 mg·kg-1 or 2 mg·kg-1） showed a obvious fluctuation with an increase of the incubation time. The number of three major microbial groups were significantly affected by the total and available mercury levels（P〈0.05）. In the tested soil, fungi exhibited marked resistance to a high mercury pollution and actinomycetes were more sensitive to a low mercury pollution.
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