中文摘要：

为了探究杜鹃花杂交育种规律,加快国内杜鹃花育种进程,本研究以云锦杜鹃、大白杜鹃、露珠杜鹃、蝶花杜鹃、映山红、羊踯躅为亲本进行了22个组合的常规人工杂交授粉试验,研究了云南几种杜鹃的杂交亲和性、坐果率、杂交种子重量与萌发率的关系。结果表明：云锦杜鹃在杂交组合中作父母本均具有较好的亲和性,坐果率21%-75%,杂交种子萌发率41%-88%,大白杜鹃次之,坐果率3%-66%,杂交种子萌发率76%-82%;杂交组合坐果率与母本的选择关系密切,母本亲和力越好坐果率相对越高;种子越重越有利于萌发,但萌发过程还同时受到环境因子和胚自身活力的影响。本研究结果对杜鹃花杂交育种具有借鉴意义,云锦杜鹃、大白杜鹃综合性状优良,杂交亲和性较好,可作为常绿杜鹃花育种的优秀亲本。

英文摘要：

For exploring the rule of Rhododendron breeding and accelerate the progress of domestic Rhododendron breeding, we studied the compatibility, fruit setting rate, the relationship between hy- brid seeds weight and seeds germinate rate of several Rhdodendron species, through the experiment of twenty-two artificial hybrid combinations of Rhododendron fortunei Lindl, R. decorum Franch, R. ir- roratum Franch, R. aberconwayi Cowan, R. simsii Planch, R. molle （Blum）G. Don. The results showed that R. fortunei had preferable affinity when it served as both male parent and female parent, fruit setting rates reached 21% -75%, seeds germination rates accounted 41% - 88%, and the affini- ty of R. decorum came the second, fruit setting rates reached 3% -66%, seeds germination rates ac- counted 76% -82%. The fruit setting rates of the artificial hybrid combinations depended on the fe- male parents. The seeds weight was more important for germination, but the germinating process was influenced by the environment factors and the vitality of embryos. It is important significance for the Rhododendron breeding. Both R. fortunei and R. decorum have good comprehensive characters and could be excellent parents for evergreen Rhododendron breeding.