中文摘要：

高质量的消色差波片是太阳望远镜实现多波段观测的重要元件,它的消色差性能直接限制观测仪器的工作波长范围。通过对不同类型的消色差波片性能的理论分析与比较,优选出消色差性能最佳的由5片同种折射材料组成的消色差波片。对研制的φ37 mm口径聚乙烯醇（Polyvinyl Alcohol）塑料波片性能参数的测试显示,在486.1～656.3 nm波长范围内,λ/2波片延迟的绝对误差小于λ/350,光轴误差小于±0.2°;λ/4波片延迟的绝对误差小于λ/160,光轴误差小于±0.6°。在温度变化20～65℃范围内,延迟随温度变化在10~（-4）量级,视场效应明显优于双折射晶体。以上测试结果表明,这种聚乙烯醇塑料波片可以用于整个可见光区域,且具有极好的温度效应和视场效应,适用于多波长需求的仪器。

英文摘要：

Observed Fraunhofer spectrums are limited by achromatic performance of waveplates in solar magnetic field telescope.Comparing to the different kinds of achromatic waveplates,one which composes of five-element of polyvinyl alcohol film is chosen due to its good performance in whole scope of visible wavelength.Analyzing the measurement datum from 486.1 nm to 656.3 nm,it is found that the maximum error of retardance is in the orders ofλ/350 andλ/160 for half wave plate and quarter wave plate respectively,and the maximum error of axis azimuth is in the orders of 0.2°and 0.6°for half wave plate and quarter wave plate respectively.From the measurement data, this kind of waveplate made of polyvinyl alcohol film can be used in the whole visible spectrum,and has good performance comparing to that of birefringent crystal which is insensitive to temperature and incident angle.