中文摘要：

空气颗粒物接触初次吸收界面（如鼻腔、口腔、气管支气管、肺泡）,由于惯性、重力、扩散等作用发生沉积,可导致不良健康效应。沉积剂量是连接外暴露和内暴露的桥梁,是剂量学（包括沉积、清除、迁移、滞留）研究的重要组成部分,是进一步开展剂量-效应关系和毒性机制研究的前提。该文综述了颗粒物在人体呼吸系统的沉积机制,影响因素及其沉积模型,概括了存在的问题和发展趋势。

英文摘要：

Exposure to air particulate matter has been associated with adverse health effects through inhalation.Particulate matter may deposit on the interfaces（such as nasal,oral,tracheobronchial,alveolar） due to inertial impaction,gravity,diffusion,etc.Deposition,clearance,translocation,and retention comprise the essential elements of dosimetry.Deposition connects the external exposure with internal exposure,providing a scientific basis for further research on dose-response relationship and toxic mechanisms.This review focused on the characteristics of deposition in the human respiratory system,mainly including deposition mechanisms,impact factors and deposition models.Also,the problems existing in previous studies and the aspects of further research were proposed in this review.