中文摘要：

无性生殖在苔藓植物的生活史中起着重要的作用,并且常通过各种无性繁殖体来完成。无性繁殖体的形态常被用来辅助鉴定一些不育的藓类植物。本文通过对38种藓类植物的无性繁殖体进行显微观察,结果显示：无性繁殖体在不同的藓类植物之间已经过多次演化;无性繁殖体的形态在种内是相对稳定的,且与其着生位置、配子体的分枝方式密切相关,而与植物的系统位置以及生境并无直接的关系;无性繁殖体的颜色与其胞壁的厚度以及表面纹饰密切相关。此外,无性繁殖体的产生常常与假根、原丝体有共存关系。在研究中发现,藓类植物的无性繁殖体主要包括原丝体芽胞、无性芽胞（叶生芽胞、中肋芽胞、枝生芽胞）、芽体、假根芽胞和假根状块茎;其中原丝体芽胞和无性芽胞最为常见。

英文摘要：

Asexual reproduction plays an important role in the life cycle of bryophytes.Usually,mosses complete their asexual reproduction by different diaspores.The morphology of asexual diaspore has been commonly used for delimiting sterile mosses.In the present paper,asexual diaspores of 38 gemmiferous mosses were observed under light microscope.The results showed that the asexual diaspores have evolved several times independently in different moss lineages.The morphology of asexual diaspore is generally stable within species,and is closely related to its growing position and branching mode of gametophyte,but not to phylogenetic positions of the plants and their habitats.The color of diaspore is determined by the thickness of the diasporal wall and its ornamentation on the surface.In addition,the asexual diaspores often coexist with rhizoids or protonemata.In this study,asexual diaspores include protonemal gemmae and gemmae （laminar gemmae,costal gemmae,stem gemmae）,bulbils,rhizoidal tubers and rhizoidal gemmae.Among them,protonemal gemmae and gemmae are the commonest asexual diaspores.