中文摘要：

为了满足世界空间紫外天文台中的有效载荷长缝光谱仪（LSS）的设计要求，设计了LSS主结构并对主结构的优化设计方法进行了研究。建立了以结构频率要求为约束条件，以结构质量最轻为目标函数的LSS结构优化模型。采用ANSYS软件作为结构分析器，提出一种新的更新蚁群路径信息的策略，并使用这种改进的蚁群算法作为优化器，构建了一种组合的结构优化方法。应用这种优化组合方法对LSS主结构进行优化设计，并与ANSYS零阶优化方法的优化结果进行比较。计算表明，优化组合方法得出的质量比ANSYS零阶方法降低约7％，使主结构质量相对于初始质量减少约25％，基频达到82．3Hz，满足了设计要求。组合方法结合了改进蚁群算法和ANSYS软件两者的长处．可应用于其它类似工程结构优化。

英文摘要：

In order to meet the design requirements of a Long Slit Spectrograph（LSS） worked at the World Space Observatory, the LSS primary structure was designed and a structure optimization method for the LSS primary structure was studied. An optimization model of the LSS primary structure was established by taking the basic frequency as the constrained conditions and the total mass as a objective function,and an Ant Colony Optimization（ACO） algorithm with an improved pheromone updating rule was put forward. Based on the improved ACO algorithm and the Finite Element Analysis （FEA） software ANSYS, a combined optimization design method was presented to solve above structural optimization problems. The optimized structure obtained from the combined method has reduced about 25% in mass as compared with that of the original design and by 7% that of the zero-order optimization method provided by the Design Opt module of ANSYS. Experimental results show that the optimal primary structure satishes the design requirements. The combined method takes advantages of the characteristics of the ACO algorithm and software ANSYS and has potentials to be applied to other similar engineering structural optimizations.