中文摘要：

在干切削和使用冷却润滑液切削的状态下,对45#钢进行粗、精车削,采用数理统计方法,对加工表面残余应力的离散性进行研究.实验结果表明：工件表面残余应力的离散是不可避免的;同一加工表面的残余应力具有一定的离散性,不同工件、不同加工条件下残余应力的离散程度不一样;粗加工表面的残余应力离散程度比精加工表面的大,干切削加工表面残余应力的离散程度大于湿切削;工件的残余应力离散程度都在一个有限的范围,因而可以通过制定残余应力公差来指导工件的加工和检测,以保证工件表面残余应力的控制精度.

英文摘要：

This paper deals with the scatter of surface residual stress induced by the rough turning and the finishing turning of 45 steel under dry cutting and coolant-aided cutting conditions by using statistical methods. The results show that the scatter of surface residual stress is inevitable, that the scatter of residual stress exists even on the same machined surface, that the scatter degree of the residual stress varies with the part type and the processing condi- tions, that both the rough cutting and the dry cutting result in higher scatter degree respectively than the finishing and the wet cutting, and that, as the scatter of workpieces varies in a limited range, the processing and testing of workpieces can be guided with the residual stress tolerance to ensure the control accuracy of residual stress.