中文摘要：

【目的】新疆气候变暖是导致西伯利亚蝗Gomphocerus sibiricus（L.）持续严重发生的重要原因之一,前期研究表明近40年来西伯利亚蝗严重发生与新疆同期气候变暖有显著相关性,本研究进一步探讨了温度升高条件下西伯利亚蝗的生理生化适应机理。【方法】采用生理生化研究方法,研究了24,27,30,33,36,39和42℃下西伯利亚蝗体内海藻糖、甘油、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸5种抗逆物质的积累与变化过程。【结果】在24~42℃范围内,西伯利亚蝗体内5种物质的积累量随温度的升高呈现出先增后减的变化趋势。海藻糖、甘油、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸含量在30℃时含量最高,分别为18.691μg/g,261.432μg/g,79.063 mg/g,78.664 mg/g和227.593 mg/g;42℃高温时为最低,含量依次为18.218μg/g,104.588μg/g,4.343 mg/g,3.039 mg/g和11.067 mg/g。5种抗逆物质积累的速率不同,其中随温度升高亚油酸含量增、减速率最快,分别为832.189%和63.988%,海藻糖含量增、减速率最慢,分别为0.893%和0.224%。【结论】在24~30℃之间,随着温度升高,西伯利亚蝗可以通过积累体内抗逆物质,尤其通过快速积累不饱和脂肪酸以提高自身对阶段性高温的耐受能力;超过30℃,蝗虫体内抗逆物质积累下降,死亡率增加,虫体对高温胁迫失去耐受力。这预示着在气候变暖趋势下,西伯利亚蝗仍将是新疆草原最重要的生物灾害之一。

英文摘要：

[ Aim ] Recent warmer climate caused persistent outbreaks of Siberian grasshopper, Gomphocerus sibirieus （L.）, in Xinjiang. This study aims to explore the potential physiological and biochemical mechanisms of G. sibiricus exposed to high temperature. [ Methods ] The contents of trehalose, glycerine, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid accumulated in adult grasshopper bodies were measured after these locusts had been placed in climate cabinet under consistent temperature regimes of 24 -42 ℃ at 3 ℃ intervals for 4 h. [ Results ] The contents of trehalose, glycerine, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid in G. sibiricus increased with temperature ranging from 24 to 30℃, and reached the peak at 30℃, with the contents of 18. 691 μg/g, 261. 432 μg/g, 79. 063 μg/g, 78. 664 and 227. 593 mg/g, respectively. The contents of trehalose, glycerine, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid in G. sibiricus began to decrease as the temperature rose further, and reached the lowest at 42℃, with the contents of 18. 218 μg/g, 104. 588 μg/g, 4. 343 rag/g, 3. 093 mg/g, and 11. 067 mg/g, respectively. The accumulation rates of these stress resistant substances were different with temperature increasing. The content of linolenic acid increased dramatically （832. 189% ） while that of trehalose accumulated increased slightly （0. 893% ）. The content of linoleic acid had a significant decrease （63. 988% ） while that of trehalose reduced slightly （0. 224% ）. [Conclusion] The higher the temperature above 30℃, the higher the locust mortality. This study demonstrated that with the temperature increasing in a certain range, G. sibiricus can adapt to higher temperature conditions byregulating the contents of stress resistant substances, especially the unsaturated fatty acids, and thus remains a serious pest to the steppe in Xinjiang under the trend of climate warming.