中文摘要：

目的：了解3年医院感染病原菌的分布及耐药性，为进一步控制细菌耐药和合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法收集2010－2012年医院临床各科室送检的各类标本进行分离培养，所有标本的分离培养及鉴定严格按照《全国临床检验操作规程》进行，数据采用WHONET5．0软件进行统计分析。结果共检出病原菌25437株，其中革兰阴性菌15329株占60．3％、革兰阳性菌5767株占22．7％、真菌4341株占17．0％；大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林的耐药率最高＞85．0％，金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素G耐药率高达92．8％，但对利奈唑胺、呋喃妥因、万古霉素的耐药率较低＜3．1％。结论医院感染的病原菌主要为条件致病菌，以革兰阴性菌为主，及时准确的了解医院病原菌的分布及耐药性，有助于临床合理选择和使用抗菌药物，预防和延缓耐药菌的产生及传播。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens causing infections from 2010 to 2012 in our hospital so as to further control bacterial resistance and provide references for reasonable use of antimicrobial agents .METHODS From 2010 to 2012 ,clinical inspection samples of all departments were isolated and cultured .The isolation and identification were strictly in accordance with ＂The National Clinical Laboratory Procedures＂.WHONET 5 .0 software was adopted for statistically analysis .RESULTS A total of 25 437 isolates were obtained from a variety of specimens ,including 15 329 strains of gram‐negative bacteria（60 .3% ） ,5 767 strains of gram‐positive bacteria（22 .7% ） and 4 341 strains of fungi（17 .0% ） .Resistance analysis showed that the drug resistant rate of Escherichiacoli to ampicillin was the highest （resistance rate 〉 85 .0% ） .Staphylococcus aureus were highly resistant to penicillin G （resistance rate 〉 92 .8% ） ,but sensitive to linezolid ,nitrofurantoin and vancomycin （resistance rate of 〈3 .1% ） .CONCLUSION The pathogens in nosocomial infection are mainly the opportunistic pathogenic bacteria and gram‐negative bacteria dominated the most .Timely and accurate understand‐ing of the distribution and drug resistance of hospital pathogens is benefit for reasonable selection and use of antibi‐otics so as to prevent and delay the generation and spread of resistant bacteria .