中文摘要：

近几年云南大部分地区受旱情困扰,但元阳梯田却未受影响,这与梯田水源区土壤水分运移特征息息相关。为探究该区土壤水分运移特征,选取乔木林地、灌木地和坡耕地三个标准径流小区,测定并分析不同坡位（上部、中部、下部）及不同深度（10 cm、20 cm、30 cm、40 cm、60 cm、100 cm）的土壤容积含水率。结果表明：土壤水分变异系数随土层深度的增加而减小;乔木林地、灌木地、坡耕地三种土地利用类型对土壤水分的影响表现为：雨季差异不显著而旱季差异显著;乔木林地和坡耕地的储水量以60 cm为界分为两层,而灌木地则明显分为10 cm（6 mm—12 mm）、20—60 cm（49 mm—110 mm）、100 cm（169 mm—210 mm）三层,且土壤储水量与土壤深度的相关度最高;土地利用类型与土层深度的交互作用对土壤含水率的影响较大;越往深层,林地的保水效果越好。因此,元阳梯田水源区的森林不仅能为梯田提供长流水,而且在提高土壤水分利用率、维持梯田可持续发展上具有十分显著的作用。

英文摘要：

Even while most part of the Yunnan Province suffered from drought in recent years, Yuanyang Terrace area was out of the influence. It is probably closely related to the soil moisture movement in water source area of the Yuanyang Terrace. In order to investigate the characteristics of soil moisture movement, three runoff plots which were located in the woodland, shrub land, slope farmland respectively were set up and volume soil moisture contents at different slope positions（upper, middle, lower） and soil depths（10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm, 100 cm） were determined in this area. The results showed that variation coefficients of soil moisture gradually decreased with the increased soil depths. Three land use types, i.e., woodland, shrub land and slope farmland, had different effects on the soil water content. The differences of the effects were displayed significantly in dry season while not significantly in wet season. The water storage of arbor forest land and slope farmland could be divided into two layers by the soil depth of 60 cm. Nevertheless, the water storage of shrub land was divided into three layers, i.e., 10 cm（6 mm-12 mm）, 20-60 cm（49 mm-110 mm） and 100 cm（169 mm-210 mm） with the highest correlation between the soil water storage and soil depth. The interaction between land use types and soil depths had great effect on soil moisture content. The deeper of the soil depth was with the better of water conservation effect. Thus, not only did the forest provide regular water for Yuanyang Terrace, it also played a significant role in increasing water use efficiency and maintaining sustainable development of the terrace.