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中文摘要：
针对井下采煤产生的大范围岩移必然最终改变原有地表形态并影响坡面侵蚀特征及规律这一特殊性,从井下与地表相结合的新视角,结合彬长矿区水土流失特征和典型煤矿采矿条件,以采厚、地表坡面坡度等因素为变量,构建了20个不同类型的数值模型,通过数值模拟方法研究并揭示井下采煤对地表坡面形态及侵蚀的影响规律。结果表明,第一,地表坡面坡度会随采厚增加而呈现增大的趋势,且自然坡度越大,坡度变化量越大;相同采厚条件下,坡度增大率与坡面自然坡度整体上呈负相关。第二,地表坡面坡长会随采厚增加而呈现减小的趋势,且自然坡度越小,坡长变化量越大;随采厚增加,地表坡面坡长减小率与自然坡度呈先正相关后负相关的关系,自然坡度为26.57°是拐点。第三,采厚的增加会提高地表坡面产流产沙的强度,加剧坡面侵蚀,这种效应在坡度较小的坡面更加显著;井下采煤引起地表坡面坡度的增大是产生这一规律的主因。
英文摘要：
The present paper intends to study and disclose the regularity of the impact of underground coal mining on the shape and erosion of the surface slopes by way of setting up of a numerical simulation system. In accordance with the typically realistic mining conditions and the actual characteristic features of the soil and water loss in Binchang coal mine,we have established as many as 20 different numerical models with such variables as the mining height,slope declining degrees,etc. In addition,we have also studied the strata movement situation in-situ caused by the underground coal mining objective changes as a result of the original shape of the land surface under the impact of the slope erosion. The results of our simulated research show that： first of all,with the increase of the mining height,the surface slope tends to increase in an increasing trend,whereas the variation of the slope tends to increase with the increase of the natural slope. Therefore,under the same condition of the mining height,the increasing rate of the mining slope and the natural slope are likely to become of a negative correlation by nature. Secondly,the length of the surface slope tends to experience a changing trend of decrease with the increase of the mining height. That is,the less the natural slope is,the greater the surface slope would experience with its change in distance. Furthermore,with the increase of the mining height,the change of the surface slope length proves to be positively correlated first and then negatively correlated with the natural slope at an angle of 26. 57° from the inflection point in the said changing process. And,thirdly,the increase of the mining height can help to relieve the intensity of the runoff and the sediment yield on the surface slope,which may likely lead to the aggravation of the erosion of the surface slope. What is more,such a kind of effect is likely to get more and more obvious on the smaller natural slope,which should account for the increase of sloping degree that has been caused by the
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