中文摘要：

以位于青海南部高原高寒草原区的兴海盆地作为研究区,选取气温年较差、年降水量、植被盖度、坡度、坡向、海拔等因素作为冻融侵蚀强度评价指标,运用层次分析法计算各评价指标的权重,采取标准化值赋权重加权求和的方法计算冻融侵蚀强度指数,以等间隔方法对冻融侵蚀强度指数进行分级,获得了研究区冻融侵蚀强度等级类型,并利用Arc GIS的空间分析与统计分析功能对研究区冻融侵蚀的空间分布特征进行研究。结果表明：研究区冻融侵蚀发生的总面积是4784.34 km~2,其中,轻度侵蚀和中度侵蚀居多,分别占冻融侵蚀总面积的32.07%和40.06%;微度侵蚀、强烈侵蚀和极强烈侵蚀占少部分,分别占冻融侵蚀总面积的7.39%、16.08%和4.39%;冻融侵蚀主要分布在研究区的西部,不同的海拔与坡度等级下,4000—4800 m与5—35°冻融侵蚀最集中,其主要发生在高寒草甸、草原,低覆盖草地上冻融侵蚀尤为严重。研究区冻融侵蚀在各个坡向的波动较小,坡向对其影响亦较小。降水量330—455 mm和年较差24.85—26.04℃冻融侵蚀分布最集中。

英文摘要：

Background, aim, and scope Freeze-thaw erosion is one of the three largest erosion types, which destroys the soil properties and threatens the security of a project, at the same time, hinders the regional economic and social development, but research object on this type of erosion was rarely launched. In order to enrich the study on freezethaw erosion intensity and distribution, Xinghai basin was taken as the case. Materials and methods With the Xinghai basin where is located in the plateau alpine grassland as the study area. Six factors were selected as the evaluation index of freeze-thaw erosion intensity. Six factors are annual range of temperature, annual precipitation, vegetation coverage, slope, aspect and altitude. Using analytic hierarchy process to calculate the weight of each evaluation index. A method for calculating the strength index of freeze-thaw erosion is calculated by the weighted sum of the weight of the standard value. By the method of equal interval, the intensity index of freeze-thaw erosion was graded. The grade of freeze thaw erosion in the study area was obtained. The spatial distribution characteristics of freeze-thaw erosion in the study area were studied by using the spatial analysis and statistical analysis of ArcGIS. Results The total area of freeze-thaw erosion in the study area is 4784.34 km2, which is the majority of mild erosion and moderate erosion, which accounts for 32.07% and erosion, intense erosion and extreme intense erosion are 40.06% of the total area of freeze-thaw erosion. Slight very few, which accounts for 7.39%, 16.08% and 4.39% of the total area of freeze-thaw erosion. Freeze-thaw erosion is mainly distributed in the west of the study area. From 4000 m to 4800 m and 5° to 35°, freeze-thaw erosion were the most concentrated at different altitude and slope gradient, which mainly occurred in the alpine meadow and grassland, and low coverage grassland freeze-thaw erosion is particularly serious. In the study area, the fluctuation of freeze-thaw erosion in each aspect