中文摘要：

自然灾害造成的损失与应急管理的有效性和及时性成反比，而应急管理的有效性和及时性与当前国家的自然灾害领域研究水平以及国家的灾害应急管理体制分不开。对此，本文在简要归纳自然灾害的概念、特点与危害的基础上，阐述了自然灾害应急管理的重要意义。然后，从宏观及微观两个层面对自然灾害应急管理研究成果予以评述，并指出现有研究中存在的不足，进而从社会系统、生态系统和经济系统三个方面展望了自然灾害应急管理未来研究的重点和方向，这对于完善我国自然灾害应急管理研究体系，提升我国自然灾害应急管理水平具有重要的意义。

英文摘要：

The damages and losses caused by natural disaster is inversely proportional to the effectiveness and timeliness of the emergency management, which is also closely related to the research work and management system that one country has done in that field. Hence, based on summarizing the concept, features and damage of natural disasters, this research advances the significance of its emergency management, and then from the macro and micro perspectives, the existing fruits has been reviewed, and the shortcomings existed in the present research will be elaborated in the light of the two-level research findings. Finally, this study unveils the research focus and direction in the future from three aspects, namely social system, ecosystem, and economic system, which will improve our emergency management system and promote it to a higher level.