中文摘要：

目的了解美沙酮维持治疗人群高危性行为的发生情况，并探讨相关因素。方法对2014年9—11月在广西壮族自治区3所美沙酮维持治疗门诊的636名治疗者进行面对面问卷调查，收集其一般人口学特征、高危性行为及相关的行为因素等资料。通过Ⅳ。检验和多因素回归分析探讨高危性行为的相关因素及其交互作用。结果636名美沙酮维持治疗者中最近3个月发生过高危性行为的比例高达80．2％（510／636）。单因素分析结果显示，性别、年龄、婚姻状况、户籍所在地、乙肝疫苗接种史、首次吸毒年龄和HIV感染可能与高危性行为的发生有关（P〈0．05）；多因素回归分析表明，男性、未接种乙肝疫苗／接种史不详、未感染HIV的美沙酮维持治疗者发生高危性行为的风险较高，OR值（95％CI）分别为1．668（1．021～2．725）、1．730（1．068～2．801）和2．880（1．697～4．888）。未接种乙肝疫苗／接种史不详与未感染HIV之间存在相加交互作刚。结论美沙酮维持治疗人群高危性行为的发生率较高，其相关因素为男性、未接种乙肝疫苗／接种史不详以及未感染HIV。建议加强对美沙酮维持治疗者的干预，降低高危性行为的发生。

英文摘要：

Objective To estimate the incidence of high-risk sexual behaviors and to explore the related factors among patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment. Methods Face to face interviews were conducted on 636 patients at 3 methadone maintenance treatment clinics in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, in China, from September to November, 2014. General demographic characteristics and behavioral factors associated with high-risk sexual behavior of patients were collected through questionnaires. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the related factors of high-risk sexual behaviors and the interactions between them. Results 636 participants were included in this study. Majority of the patients （80.2%） practiced high-risk sexual behaviors in the past three months. Data from the univariate analysis showed that factors as： gender, age, marital status, registered residence, history of hepatitis B （HepB） vaccination, age started drug use and HIV infection etc. might be associated with high-risk sexual behaviors （P〈0.05）. Data from the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that factors as： being male, histories with non- or unknown HepB vaccination and free of HIV infection etc., were likely to have high-risk sexual behaviors, with OR （95%C/） as 1.668 （1.021-2.725）, 1.730 （1.068- 2.801） and 2.880 （1.697-4.888）, respectively. Additive interactions were observed between nonor unknown histories of HepB vaccination and free of HIV infection. Conclusion The incidence rates on high-risk sexual behaviors appeared high in patients under the methadone maintenance treatment. Patients with factors as： being male, histories with non-or unknown HepB vaccination and free of HIV infection were significantly associated with high-risk sexual behaviors. It is necessary to emphasize on behavioral intervention among patients under the methadone maintenance treatment, in order to reduce the occurrence of high-risk sexual behaviors.