中文摘要：

目的对安徽、江苏、河北、河南四省部分地区2008年产小麦、玉米真菌污染情况和菌相分布进行调查。为进行粮食中主要污染真菌产毒预测微生物学研究提供菌株，为粮食防霉提供依据。方法将采集的小麦、玉米样品消毒后点种于PDA培养基上，培养后进行菌落计数并鉴定菌相。结果四省小麦样品真菌污染率几乎100％，优势菌是交链孢霉；玉米全部样品均被真菌污染，优势菌是镰刀菌。结论四省的小麦、玉米样品真菌污染严重，粮食储藏过程中应采取必要的措施防止粮食霉变。

英文摘要：

Objective To study fungi invasion of wheat and corn harvested from Anhui, Jiangsu, Hebei and Henan provinces in 2008 in order to provide fungal strains for toxigenicity test in predictive microbiology studies. Method Wheat and corn kernels were inoculated onto PDA medium plate after sterilization with 75 % ethanol followed by being rinsed with distilled water. The count format unit of fungi germinated are counted, classified and identified. Results The frequencies of wheat invasion by fungi were approximately up to 100% and the majority was Alternaria species. While all corn samples were positive for fungi and Fusarium species was the predominant. Conclusion Wheat and corn collected from four provinces were seriously invaded by fungi. Some important measures for preventing cereals from mold invasion during the storage should be taken.