中文摘要：

在临床诊断、环境监测、食品分析和病原微生物研究等领域,快速、简单、灵敏的实现生物分子的检测,是目前分析化学中极具吸引力的热门研究课题之一。电化学生物传感器由于其简单、成本低、灵敏度高和易于微型化等优势在生物分子检测上得到了大力的开发和研究。关注电化学生物传感器中的新方法和新技术,结合性能优异的各种新型纳米材料,引入有效的信号放大策略,对提高电化学生物传感器的各项性能,实现对各种生物分子特异灵敏的检测具有十分重要的意义。该文简要介绍了电化学生物传感器的原理,重点评述了近几年电化学生物传感器中常用的信号放大技术的研究进展。

英文摘要：

The fast, simple and sensitive detection of biological molecular in clinical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, food analysis and pathogenic microorganisms research is one of the most attractive research areas in analytical chemistry. Electrochemical biosensor has been vigorously developed and studied for biological molecules detection due to its inherent advantages such as simplicity, low cost, high sensitivity and easy miniaturization. Concerning new methods and new technology in electrochemical biosensors construction, combining novel nanomaterials with excellent performance, introducing effective signal amplification strategies to improve the performance of electrochemical biosensors, has very important significance for a variety of biological molecules specific and sensitive detection. The principle of electrochemical biosensor is presented, and the proceedings of signal amplification strategies in electrochemical biosensors in recent years are extensively reviewed.