中文摘要：

目的：寻找简易且重复性高的分子标记方法对保健食品铁皮石斛及其混淆品进行分子鉴别并对其亲缘关系进行分析。方法：对铁皮石斛及其混淆品的matK基因进行扩增、测序并进行序列分析,寻找其中存在的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点并根据SNP位点设计特异性鉴别引物;运用Mega3.0等软件进行遗传关系分析。结果：根据matK基因序列中存在的SNP位点及特异性鉴别引物,可将铁皮石斛与其混淆品成功分开;各样品之间存在较大的遗传差异。结论：SNP位点及特异性鉴别引物可对保健食品铁皮石斛及其混淆品进行快速、简便的鉴别,通过matK基因可以分析正品与混淆品之间的亲缘关系。

英文摘要：

To develop a simple and reproducible molecular method to discriminate between functional food Dendrobium officinale and its adulterants,PCR products of the matK gene were sequenced to find single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP）sites.Then allele-specific PCR primers were designed according to the identified SNP sites.The phylogeny of D.officinale and its adulterants were analyzed by Mega 3.0.It was found that D.officinale and its adulterants can be discriminated by SNP sites and allele-specific PCR primers.There was apparent genetic difference between all the samples tested.It is concluded that this method can be used to discriminate between D.officinale and its adulterants rapidly and accurately.