中文摘要：

介绍了在由双层不同空化阈值的左右液体、通过透声膜耦合而成的一维传声系统中,实现声能量不对称传输的物理机理及参数相关性.由于左右液体的空化阈值不同,导致超声波在左-右和右-左传播的空化效应不同,出现了声能量传输的不对称性.该系统无需精心设计,易于实现.在理论上,基于两相流体理论提出了描述声空化液体中声场分布的动力学模型.数值计算表明这种能量传输不对称性与驱动声压和两种液体的空化阈值有关,且在一定条件下整流方向会出现反向.实验中建立自动控制逐点声压测量系统,研究了不同空化阈值液体组合中不同驱动下的声压幅值分布,证实了上述声能量传输不对称性的存在.本文的设想为实现声波单向传输提供了一种新的思路.

英文摘要：

Introduce the physical mechanism and correlation of parameters of a one-dimensional sound transmission system which can realize the asymmetric transmission of sound energy.This system is composed of two kinds of liquids with different cavitation thresholds which are coupled by a sound passing membrane.The disparity of cavitation thresholds of the two liquids makes the cavitation distributions distinct when the ultrasound propagates from the left to the right or in the reverse direction.This system is easy to manufacture without special design.In theory,a dynamic model to describe the sound field distribution in cavitating liquid is proposed based on the linear theory of twophase fluid.Numerical simulation shows the asymmetric transmission of sound energy is decided by the driving sound pressure and the cavitation thresholds of the two liquids,and the direction of rectification of sound energy can be reversed under certain conditions.Sound field measurement system is constructed to investigate the distribution of amplitude of sound pressure under diverse drivings in different liquid systems.Experimental results confirm the asym-metry of sound energy transmission.The idea proposed in this article offers us a new way to realize the unidirectional transmission of sound energy.