中文摘要：

伞裙结构是影响复合支柱绝缘子雨闪电压的重要因素之一，通过伞裙结构优化可以改善绝缘子雨闪特性。为此用正交试验方法选取伞裙参数，利用有限元软件ANSYS对复合支柱绝缘子建模仿真，研究淋雨状态下伞间距、大伞伸出、大小伞伸出差对一大一小伞型绝缘子电场分布的影响，提出伞裙沿面电场、空气间隙电场作为绝缘子伞裙优化判据。结果表明：大伞伸出对沿面场强影响最大，伞间距次之，伞伸出差最小；伞间距对空气间隙场强影响最大，大伞伸出次之，伞伸出差最小。通过与试验研究对比发现以空气间隙电场为判据较为准确，为绝缘子伞裙优化试验选取合适的伞裙参数试品提供参考。

英文摘要：

The shed parameters of composite insulators significantly influence the wet flashover voltage, and sheds optimization can ameliorate the wet flashover characteristic of post insulators. Consequently, selecting the model parameters by orthogonal experiments, we simulated the composite post insulator models with the finite element software ANSYS to study the electric field distribution influenced by space between large sheds, overhang of the large shed and difference between overhangs of the large shed and small shed. The electric field of the surface of the shed and the electric field of air gap were proposed as the criterion to optimize sheds. The results show that overhang of the large shed is the most influential factor, the space between large sheds takes the second place, and the difference between overhangs of the large shed and small shed is the least when using the electric field of the surface of the shed as the criterion. While the space between large sheds is the most influential factor, overhang of the large shed takes the second place, and the difference between overhangs of the large shed and small shed is the least when using the average electric field of air gap as the criteflon. Compared with the experiments, using the electric field of air gap as the criterion is more accurate, the results give a reference to select test products for shed profile optimization test of post insulators.