中文摘要：

针对大型枢纽机场日益严重的场面拥堵及由此导致航空公司延误成本增加和乘客等待时间增长等问题,基于ACDM的基本思想,在给定推出率下诠释了虚拟队列理论,设计了航班推出决策的协调流程,实现利用机位等待代替跑道起飞排队等待,不仅可以减少场面拥堵和航班延误,对提高航空公司经济效益也有重要意义.提出了乘客等待时间最短和推出等待成本最小2种策略和航班延误成本的计算方法及相关约束指标.分别针对小、中、大不同规模航班量的5组实际运行数据,采用基于指针运算机制的离散差分算法求解优化推出策略,并对该算法进行改进.实例表明,通过对虚拟队列航班次序的调整,乘客的平均延误时间缩短5.15%~12.66%,航空公司延误成本减少19.16%~26.0%.

英文摘要：

Traffic congestion becomes a serious issue in busy airports, which results in extra expense for airlines and long waiting time for passengers. Based on the ACDM, the theory of virtual queue is introduced with a given pushback rate, and the collaborative process of aircraft pushback decision is designed. Aircraft would be kept waiting in stands instead of on the taxiway, which not only relieves airport traffic pressure, but also reduces flight delays and increases the profits of airlines. Two strategies of minimum passenger waiting time and minimum pushback waiting cost are proposed. And the calculation approach of delay cost and relative constraint factors are presented. Five cases of real flight history data are analyzed as different test scales（small, medium and large）, and solved by a modified pointer- based discrete differential evolution algorithm. The results show that sorting flights in the virtual queue could reduce passengers waiting time by5.15%~12.66%, and airlines pushback waiting cost could be saved by 19.16%~26.0%.