中文摘要：

人工污秽绝缘子的闪络电压、污闪电压梯度和有效爬电系数均与其材质和型式有关，国内虽对污闪特性研究较多，但对不同绝缘子的有效爬电系数研究不多。为此在人工雾室中对5种典型结构的瓷和玻璃绝缘子的污闪特性进行了试验研究，根据试验结果分析和计算了5种典型绝缘子的闪络电压、闪络电压梯度、有效爬电系数。结果表明：在人工污秽试验条件下，不同型式绝缘子的污闪电压有较大差异，盐密对不同型式绝缘子的闪络电压的影响程度也有差异；三伞型绝缘子和玻璃绝缘子具有较高的闪络电压；不同绝缘子的有效爬电系数与其结构型式和材质有关，玻璃绝缘子的有效爬电系数高于瓷绝缘子，且玻璃绝缘子的有效爬电系数随污秽程度的增加而增加，而瓷绝缘子的有效爬电系数随污秽程度的增加而减小。

英文摘要：

The flashover voltage, voltage gradient and the valid creepage distance of polluted insulators are related to its materials and configuration. Although the flashover performance of a polluted insulator has nationally been studied well, there is few study on the valid creepage distance of various types of insulators. Laboratory investigations on the flashover performances of polluted five types of typical porcelain and glass insulators were carried out in the climate chamber. Based on the test results, this paper analyzes and calculates the flashover voltage, the voltage gradient and the valid creepage distance of the five types of insulators. It shows that the polluted flashover voltages of five types of insulators are various at the artificial pollution test, that the influence of PESDD on flashover voltage are different for various of insulators, and that the flashover voltage of three-outer-rib and glass insulators are higher than the others. It also indicates that the valid creepage distance is related to the materials and configuration of insulators, that the valid creepage distance of a glass insulator, which increases with the raising of PESDD, is higher than that of an porcelain insulator which decreases with the raising of PESDD.