中文摘要：

通过实验室土壤培养实验，研究2种有机物质——腐殖酸和堆肥，单独或者复合应用对土壤中铅锌形态转化的影响。经过1～3个月的培养，发现单独添加腐殖酸和堆肥均可以显著改变土壤中Zn、Ph形态转化，使它们从容易被植物吸收利用的交换态和碳酸盐结合态向难以被植物吸收利用的有机结合态和残渣态转化。与对照相比，单独添加10％堆肥和5％腐殖酸并培养1～3个月后，导致土壤交换态Zn比重分别由38％～51％下降到14％～21％和26％～46％；铁锰氧化物结合态zn比重分别由23％～34％提高到33％-56％和26％～45％；碳酸盐结合态Ph比重分别由12％-25％下降到1％～15％和2％～15％；残渣态Pb比重分别由12％～14％提高到32％～45％和20％～23％。其他结合态的Zn和Pb比重也有不同程度的变化。说明堆肥和腐殖酸均可以固定土壤中的Zn和Ph。而当两者一起使用时，可以中和它们各自所引起土壤pH的变化，而对重金属固定效率更明显增强。研究还发现，不管是腐殖酸还是堆肥，对Pb的固定效果均好于对Zn的固定。

英文摘要：

An indoor soil column cultivation experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of compost and humie acid on transformation of zinc （Zn） and lead （Pb）. After adding 5% （by weight） humic acid, 10% （by weight） compost, and 5% humic acid and 10% compost together, the soil columns were cultivated in 9 replicates for 3 months. The water content in soil was kept to maintain 60% of field holding capacity at room temperature （25 ℃ ）. Three replicates were sampled each month, and speciations of Zn and Pb were analyzed via a sequential extraction method. Both humie acid and compost, and their cooperating amendment, could significantly shift the forms of Zn and Pb in soil, which makes the transformation of exchangeable and carbonate fractions into organic and residual fractions. When compared with control, the humic acid and compost could reduce the exchangeable-Zn from 38% - 51% to 14% - 21% and 26% - 46% , however, the percentage of Fe-Mn ox- ide fraction of Zn significantly increased from 23% -34% to 33% -56% and 26% -45%. The proportion of carbonate-Pb dropped from 12% - 25% to 1% - 15% and 2% - 15% , respectively, the residual-Pb fraction boosted from 12% - 14% to 32% -45% and 20% -23%. Different changes happened to other speeiations, which indicated that either humic acid or compost could immobilize Zn and Pb in soil. Their cooperating effect was better than the individual using. We also found that no matter which one was used, it has better immobilization effect on Pb than on Zn.