中文摘要：

为克服天然纤蛇纹石纳米管在量子组装应用上存在的不易提纯、易被伴生矿物堵塞、管径不均等缺点，以活性MgO和纳米SiO2为原料，采用水热法在不同碱度下合成了系列纤蛇纹石样品。对合成样品的X射线衍射（XRD）、傅立叶红外光谱（FTIR）以及扫描电镜（SEM）分析表明，在200℃，pH值大于13的条件下反应60h以上能够合成结晶度比较完善的纤蛇纹石；碱度的提高有利于纤蛇纹石氢氧镁石层和硅氧四面体层的生长，并促使两者结合更为紧密，晶胞参数b0值增大，结构层更易卷曲，纤蛇纹石的纤维管状结构更加完善，结晶度提高，纤维的晶体轮廓更加清晰，直径更为均一，长度增加；最后确认在200℃，pH13．8，反应60h条件下合成纤蛇纹石纳米管的直径约50nm，长度多在600nm以上，长度上优于前人的合成。

英文摘要：

To solve those problems related to natural chrysotile nanotubes, such as impurity, clogging and heterogeneous diameters in quantum-assembly, a series of chrysotile samples were synthesized from activated MgO and amorphous SiO2 by hydrothermal-reaction at different alkalinity. X-ray diffraction, infra-red spectrometry and scanning electronic microscope were used to analyze the chrysotile samples. The results showed that chrysotile crystal formed readily as the pH was above 13. As alkalinity raised, the layers of Mg（OH）2 octahedrons and Si-O tetrahedrons grew better and connected closer, the value of b0 in the cell parameters becomed larger and tubed-stucture was easier to form, the crystallinity of chrysotile increased and its configuration becomed more clear, diameter tended to be more homogeneous and length tended to be longer. Chrysotile nanotuhes synthezied at 200 ℃, pill3.8 and 60 hours had an average diameter about 50 nm and a nice length above 600 nm which was superior to other studies. At last, the growth mechanism of synthetic chrysotile nanotubes was also discussed.