中文摘要：

为探索金属磁记忆现象的物理本质，深入研究车桥桥壳损伤的磁记忆无损检测方法，首先对标准试件进行测试，然后对某系列新桥壳进行疲劳试验，得出桥壳危险区域不同位置、不同加载次数下磁记忆信号法向分量及其梯度值K的变化，并用X射线检测残余应力与磁记忆检测结果进行对比；再以疲劳试验为基础，针对退役驱动桥壳进行变形量测定及对其危险区域进行磁记忆检测，确定桥壳变形量与磁记忆信号间的关系。研究表明：施加载荷前桥壳表面的初始磁状态不同，施加载荷后磁记忆信号呈现规律性的变化；随着循环次数的增加，梯度K值峰值增大；利用磁记忆检测与X射线复合检测的方法能较好的判断出构件缺陷；桥壳的变形量和磁记忆信号梯度K值以及加载的循环次数之间有良好的对应关系，可以为驱动桥壳再制造检测提供依据。

英文摘要：

In order to explore the physical mechanism of metal magnetic memory phenomenon , the magnetic memory non-destructive testing of driving axle housing is presented .The standard specimens are tested , and fatigue tests for new axle housing are carried out .The changing of magnetic memory signal and its gradient K along with different location of danger zone of the axle housing and loading cycles are investigated , and the result is compared with the X-ray detection of residual stress .Based on the fatigue test , the deformation of axle housing and magnetic memory signal on the dangerous area is detected , and the relationship between the deformation and magnetic memory signals is established .It shows that the initial state of surface magnetic of axle housing is messy , and the magnetic memory signal turns regular after loading .With the increase of loading cycles, the peak of gradient K value increases.Meanwhile, the compound magnetic memory testing and X-ray detection method can better determine the defect in components .The deformation of axle housing is connected with both the gradient K of magnetic memory signal and loading cycles .The research can provide a basis for remanufacturing testing for drive axle housing .