中文摘要：

在玻碳电极表面修饰碳纳米管,并用多电位阶跃法在碳纳米管表面沉积纳米金制得碳纳米管/纳米金复合膜。通过纳米金和微囊藻毒素-（亮氨酸-精氨酸）抗体之间的吸附作用,将抗微囊藻单克隆抗体固定于电极表面,以牛血清白蛋白封闭非特异性吸附位点,研制了检测微囊藻毒素的电化学免疫传感器。利用微囊藻毒素与其抗体之间的特异性识别作用构建＂三明治＂夹心结构的免疫分析模式,以辣根过氧化物酶标记抗体为二抗,利用微分脉冲伏安法实现了对微囊藻毒素的检测。在优化条件下,此传感器的响应电流与微囊藻毒素浓度在0.50~12.0μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.30μg/L（S/N=3）。对实际水样进行了微囊藻毒素的加标回收实验,回收率在93.0%~108.5%之间,相对标准偏差为3.8%~5.0%。

英文摘要：

Carbon nanotubes/Au nanoparticles （CNT/AuNP） composite film was fabricated on glassy carbon electrode （GCE） by first dropping CNTs on the electrode surface and then electrodeposition of AuNPs by multi-potential step. The antibody of microcystin-（leucine-arginine） （anti-MCLR） was immobilized on the modified electrode surface through adsorption on AuNPs. Subsequently, bovine serum albumin （BSA） was used to block the non-specific adsorption to obtain the immunosensor for MCLR assay. The immunosensor could effectively capture MCLR by the specific immunoreaction between the electrode surface-confined antibody and MCLR, followed by the attachment of the anti-MCLR HRP-labeled to form a sandwich-type system. The analysis of MCLR was performed based on the catalytic reaction of HRP toward the oxidation of hydroquinone （QH2 ） by H2O2. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the peak current response increased linearly with the concentration of MCLR in the range of 0.50-12μg/L with a detection limit of 0.30μG/L （S/N= 3 ）. The developed immunosensor was used to determine MCLR in real water samples, and the recoveries of standard addition experiments were in the range of 93.0%-108.5%, with the relative standard deviation of 3.8% -5.0%.