中文摘要：

为了研究叠层橡胶隔震支座的受拉性能及开裂破坏机理，本文基于叠层橡胶隔震支座橡胶夹层的受拉分析模型及橡胶夹层的应力与位移分布计算公式，分析不同形状系数的橡胶支座橡胶夹层的应力分布与变形规律（如橡胶层内外自由边的变形形状），并基于理论分析结果，采用开裂能理论研究橡胶夹层的开裂能密度及梯度分布，据此分析橡胶夹层的开裂发生与发展规律，揭示其开裂破坏机理。最后通过叠层橡胶隔震支座的受拉性能试验进一步分析对比，试验结果表明了采用开裂能密度与梯度分析橡胶夹层的开裂破坏机理的可行性与合理性。

英文摘要：

In order to investigate the tension performance and failure mechanism of laminated rubber bear- ings under tensile loading, The developed tension model and the stress and deform expressions developed for the tensile rubber layer are used to analyze the tension performance, the influence of the shape factor on the stress distributions and deform rules is discussed especially for the deformed shapers of the free edges of the rubber layer. Based on the theory results of the model, the theory of cracking energy is ap- plied to analyze the distributions of cracking energy density and gradient direction. The crack initiation, crack propagation direction and failure mechanism of the rubber layers are investigated. Finally, the test on the laminated rubber bearings under tensile loading is carried out and the results show that the crack energy method is feasible and reasonable for analyzing failure mechanism of the tensile rubber layer.