中文摘要：

胰岛素抵抗是肝脏、肌肉和脂肪组织等周围靶组织细胞对胰岛素的敏感性降低导致葡萄糖摄取和利用效率下降而产生的一系列临床表现，是2型糖尿病的重发病机制之一。黄连素提取白天然植物，安全性高、毒副反应小，具有显著的降血糖、改善胰岛素抵抗的作用，对2型糖尿病及其并发症有较好疗效。该文对黄连素调控胰岛素抵抗相关2型糖尿病研究进展进行综述，探讨黄连素对胰岛素抵抗及2型糖尿病防治的相关机制。黄连素的生物利用度极低，提示其可能通过调节肠道菌群来发挥降脂、降糖的作用。肠道微生物可能成为黄连素治疗胰岛素抵抗相关2型糖尿病的新靶点。

英文摘要：

Insulin resistance （IR） is defined as a series of clinical manifestations for diminished effectiveness of insulin in lowering blood sugar levels caused by decreased sensitivity to insulin of liver, muscle and adipose tissue. IR is the major contributor to the etiol- ogy and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）. Berberine, a traditional Chinese herb extract, has been shown to be safe and effective in lowering blood sugar, alleviating insulin resistance and moderating type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. The bioavailability of berberine is extremely low, suggesting that it may play a role in lowering blood sugar and lipid by regulating intestinal flora. Intestinal microbiota may serve as a new potential target for berberine treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.