生长抑素受体家族(somatostatin receptors,SSTRs)是一类介导生长抑素及其类似物,具有多种生物学效应的G蛋白偶联受体家族,其生理功能和作用机制长期以来倍受关注.研究表明,这些细胞膜上存在的特定膜受体包括SSTR1、SSTR2、SSTR3、SSTR4以及SSTR5,可以通过cAMP、PTP和MAPK信号通路,在调控GH分泌、诱导细胞凋亡、抑制肿瘤细胞增生、抑制胰岛素作用和抑制细胞生长等生物学过程发挥重要的作用,同时表现出与其它G蛋白偶联受体性质相似的动力学特征.本文将SSTRs的结构、分布和生理功能、配体选择性、下游信号通路,以及该受体家族的动力学特征最新研究进展作一综述.
The somatostatin (SST) and the analogs mediate diverse biological effects by binding to somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) at the membranes,including SSTR1,SSTR2,SSTR3,SSTR4 and SSTR5.Recent researches have shown that these SSTRs play crucial roles in apoptosis,inhibition of cell proliferation and growth,and the suppression of the insulin effects along the cAMP,PTP and MAPK pathways.This review discusses the structures,tissue distribution,ligand selectivity,signaling pathways,and physiological functions of SSTRs based on latest progress in the studies of the characterization of SSTRs.