中文摘要：

芳烃化合物作为最重要的化工原料已经广泛应用于医药、农业和化工产业中，并已造成了严重的环境危害。近年来，利用微生物对芳烃化合物代谢能力的多样性对环境污染进行生物修复、进而解决环境问题引起了广泛的关注。在分子水平、细胞水平和群体水平研究芳香烃代谢机理，不仅丰富了对微生物代谢途径多样性的认识，也是进行生物修复、生物催化、生物转化等相关研究的前提。本文针对近年国内外的相关进展，就微生物降解芳烃污染物及其在生物修复和生物催化中的应用等方面进行了综述，并对该领域来束发展方向进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Aromatic compounds, a major class of the most important industrial chemicals, have been widely utilized in the pharmaceutical, agricultural and chemical industries. It has caused seriously environmental problems as large quantities of them entered into the environment. tn the recent years, the application of microbial bioremediation to solve the environmental contamination has attracted serious attentions, due to the diversities of microbial degradation. The fundamental research of microbial aromatic biodegradation, at the molecular, cell and population levels not only increases our understanding of the diversity of microbial degradation, but also is basic and indispensable for its application in biocatalysis, biotransformation and bioremediation. Important developments on the microbial aromatic degradation and its application are reviewed, and its perspectives discussed in the paper.