中文摘要：

通过具有壤中流观测功能的径流小区的定位观测，结合人工降雨模拟试验，对常规施肥条件下紫色土坡耕地径流特征、过程及影响因素进行长期监测。结果表明：（1）紫色土坡耕地地表径流过程呈多峰特征，受瞬时雨强的影响明显；而壤中流过程则表现出明显的单峰、产流时间滞后、持续时间长等特点；（2）玉米灌浆成熟一收割期径流量明显高于其它生育期，地表径流、壤中流径流量分别为（65．06±5．94）mm，（86．36±3．27）mm，分别占3年地表径流、壤中流年均径流量的67．92％，79．82％；（3）坡耕地地表径流和壤中流径流量与降雨量的相关性显著，但与降雨强度的相关性不显著。坡耕地地表径流系数随坡度的增加而增加，而壤中流径流系数随坡度的增加而明显降低。（4）坡耕地径流分配特征明显。3年地表径流年平均径流量为95．78mm，壤中流平均流量为108．19mm，分别占总径流量的46．96％，53．05％。

英文摘要：

Field runoff plots and simulated rainfall experiments were performed to monitor runoff characteristics, process and influencing factors in slope cropland of purple soil. Results showed that. （1） Surface runoff process had some peaks, which could be influenced by rain intensity. However, subsurface runoff process had only peak. Its duration was longer than surface runoff and runoff generated time was lag behind surface runoff. （2） Runoff flux was higher from maturity stage to harvest stage than others stages, when surface and subsurface runoff fluxes were （65.06 ± 5. 94） mm and （86. 36 ± 3. 27） mm accounted for 67. 92%, 79.82 % of total runoff flux. （3） Correlation between surface, subsurface runoff and rainfall was significant, but they were not significantly correlative with rain intensity. Surface runoff coefficient increased with slope adding, but subsurface runoff coefficient decreased with slope adding. （4） Annual surface runoff flux was 95.78 mm, and annual subsurface runoff flux was 108.19 mm, which accounted for 46.96% ,53.05% of total runoff flux .