中文摘要：

以浙江省仙居县为实验区，通过气温空间分布的地形调节统计模型，并使用了10个气象站（哨）的气温资料和不同空间分辨率的DEM（均来源于1：1万的数字化地形图），模拟了不同空间尺度的年平均气温空间分布，比较了它们的误差大小以及随宏观地形（海拔）和微观地形（坡度和坡向）的分布差异。结果表明：基于不同空间分辨率DEM模拟的平均气温呈现较大的空间分布差异性；随着DEM空间分辨率的减小，误差逐渐增加（最大绝对误差为2．04℃，相对误差为15．10％），且空间差异性降低。而且微观地形因子（坡度和坡向）随着空间分辨率的变化产生显著变化，进而明显影响气温的空间分布，不同坡度之间的年平均气温差最大为9．5℃，最小为1．8℃。不同坡向之间的年平均气温差最大为12．2℃，最小为2．4℃。

英文摘要：

In mountainous areas, the terrain factors are the main factors that affect the spatial distribution of air temperature. DEM and digital terrain analysis of GIS technology provide the very good technical method for the re- search on spatial distribution of temperature in mountainous areas. The terrain factors derived from DEM with differ- ent spatial resolutions have obvious difference because of the effect of DEM scale, and then it will have great effect on spatial distribution simulation of temperature. In this paper, we take Xianju County in Zhejiang province as test area. After that we apply topography-adjusted statistical model to simulate annual temperature with different resolu- tions based on temperature data from 10 meteorological stations and different resolution DEM data from 1：10 000 digital topographic map. We hypothesize the temperature map with 12.5 m resolution is accurate and the errors be- tween the other temperature map with different resolutions and 12.5 m temperature map are analyzed. Moreover, the temperatures with different grid cell sizes differ significantly with topography in macro and micro scale. The re- sults show that the spatial distribution of the simulated temperature based on different resolution DEM has great dif- ferent characteristics. The simulated temperature error increases gradually with the decrease of DEM resolution and the spatial heterogeneity decreases. The maximum absolute error is 2.04℃ and the maximum relative error is 15. 10%. The terrain factors such as slope gradient and aspect in micro topography scale have with DEM resolution and then have great effect on the significant change spatial distribution of temperature. The maximum temperature difference in different slope gradient is 9.5℃, while the minimum difference is only 1.8℃. The maximum temper- ature difference in different aspect may reach 12.4℃, while the minimum difference is 2.4℃.