中文摘要：

随着大庆油田的不断开发，表面活性剂越来越受重视，成为油田上不可缺少的驱油用化学剂，表面活性剂作为驱油剂的一个最重要的作用是使油水界面张力降到超低值（〈10^-2mN／m）。烷醇酰胺类的表面活性剂为非离子表面活性剂，通过改变烷醇酰胺碳链长度C12：、C14、C16、C18以及脂肪酸烷醇酰胺（NST），来测定表活剂对大庆原油的界面张力的影响。另外，温度变化、矿化度以及聚合物、NaCl、弱碱（NaHCO3、Na2CO3）的浓度变化对油水界面张力也有影响。混合碳链的脂肪酸烷醇酰胺（NST）对大庆原油油水界面张力的影响好于单一碳链的烷醇酰胺，其油水界面产生超低界面张力的表活剂浓度范围较宽，单一碳链的烷醇酰胺中C14、C16对界面张力的降低影响较大，部分浓度区域可达超低界面张力，但不如脂肪酸烷醇酰胺；温度对界面张力的影响比较明显；添加聚合物影响了表活剂的扩散；矿化度、NaCl、弱碱（NaHCO3、Na2CO3）对于超低界面张力的产生都有最佳浓度范围。

英文摘要：

With the development of Daqing Oilfield, surfactant becomes important oil displacement agent. It has a significant effect to decrease oil/water interfacial tension below uhra-low value （ 〈 10^-2 mN/m）. Alkanolamide surfaetant is a kind of nonionic surfaetant. Trough changing various alkanolamide carbon chain lengths such as C12, C14, C16, C18 and NST, the influence of surfactant on Daqing crude oil interfaeial tension is tested. In addition, temperature variety, salinity variety and concentration variety of polymer, NaCl and weak-alkali （ NaHCO3, Na2CO3） also influence oil/water interracial tension. The influence of NST with mixed carbon chains on Daqing Oilfield oil/water interracial intension is better than alkanolamide with single carbon chain, with a wide range of surfactant concentration generating ultra-low interfacial tension by oil/water interface. C14 and C16 in alkanolamide with single carbon chain largely influence interfacial tension decrease. Part of concentration range can reach ultralow interfacial tension, but less than NST. Temperature obviously influences interfacial tension. Adding polymer influences diffusion of surfactant. There are best concentration ranges of salinity, NaCl and weak-alkali （ NaHCO3 , Na2CO3 ） for generating interfacial tension.