中文摘要：

针对水工泄水建筑物抗冲磨和防空蚀的需要，研发了三种配方聚脲弹性防护材料。通过试验研究了他们在含悬移质和推移质水流作用下的抗冲磨性能，以及强空蚀作用下的抗空蚀性能。根据试验效果，提出以天然玄武岩为磨料的水下棱石法并进行弹性防护材料抗冲磨试验。研究表明，玄武岩磨料水下棱石法适用于弹性防护材料的抗冲磨性能评价；三种配方中的351喷涂纯聚脲抗冲磨性能最佳，以磨损厚度为指标，悬移质作用下其抗冲磨性能是C60抗冲磨混凝土的5倍以上，推移质作用下约为混凝土的50倍，强空蚀作用下未发生空蚀破坏，抗蚀性能十分优异。

英文摘要：

Three types of spray polyurea elastomer materials are developed in this work to meet the requirement of hydraulic discharge structure protection against abrasion and cavitation. Experiments were conducted to study their performances against abrasion of water flow loaded with suspended sediments and bed load and against strong cavitating flow. An underwater edge-basah method is applicable to evaluation of elastic material abrasion resistance, it is proposed for polyurea abrasion tests to replace steel ball method. The results show that the abrasion resistance of the pure polyurea spray 351 is the best among the three formulas. In terms of worn thickness, the resistance of this polyurea formula against suspended load abrasion is more than 5 times as that of C60 concrete, and roughly 50 times stronger against bed load abrasion. The cavitation resistance performance of polyurea is also excellent and under strong cavitation load no damage was ever observed.