中文摘要：

自然保护区的环境收益外部性决定了应该对其进行生态补偿。目前国内自然保护区普遍存在经费不足的问题,开展多元化的生态补偿必要而紧迫。本研究结合理论分析和山东省自然保护区存在的各类环境问题,提出了基于问题导向的自然保护区生态补偿模式。此模式以促进自然保护区现存环境问题的解决为突破口,充分发挥财政资金的引导作用,根据各自然保护区的重要性系数和年度考核结果确定各自然保护区生态补偿的具体金额。该补偿模式具有可操作性强、注重实效且易于扩展等优点,该模式可以在生态补偿资金不足的情况下充分发挥财政资金的引导作用,通过一定的省级经费投入带动地方政府经费投入,以期尽快解决自然保护区的现存问题。目前已在山东省颁布实施,对其他区域的自然保护区补偿也具有借鉴意义。

英文摘要：

The positive externality of the ecological benefit of the nature reserves leads to the necessity of eco-compensation for nature reserves. The diversification of eco- compensation is pressing because of the widespread deficiency of funds for the nature reserves. Based on the theoretical study and the field investigation on the current problems in the nature reserves in Shandong province,the compensation model oriented to solve the existed problems is suggested. Aiming to solve the current problems in the nature reserves,the compensation money for a specific nature reserve could be determined by the index of importance and the result of assessment of the nature reserves as well as the compensation standard. The compensation model is practical and easy to be adapted to various conditions,which could promote the solution of the existed problems in nature reserves by limited funds from the provincial government. The model has been adopted in Shandong province and could provide references for other regions.