中文摘要：

为了分析土壤结构对土壤入渗规律的影响,通过研究云南红壤土滴灌条件下水分运动特征,采用室内外对比试验,试验共设计了3个滴头流量,分别为2.68,3.74,4.68L/h,土壤容重为1.2g/cm^3,分别进行了单、双点源滴灌入渗试验,着重分析了原状土与扰动土在一定的滴头流量下的湿润锋、湿润体变化特征,揭示区域土壤水分运移规律,进而为区域性作物灌水提供参考依据。结果表明：（1）原状土湿润锋运移速率比较快,原状土地表湿润比随交汇时间增加的速率快于扰动土,说明湿润锋的运移速率与土壤孔隙有关;（2）相同观测时间下,原状土湿润体变化比较快,原状土湿润体扁率α大于扰动土,原状土α=16.53%,扰动土α=45%;（3）原状土与扰动土含水率等值线变化有相同趋势,但不重合,疏密程度有差异;（4）原状土分形维数比扰动土的小,说明原状土孔隙分布差异大,扰动土的质地较均匀。研究结果揭示了该地区原状土与扰动土水分运动特征,为进一步的机理研究提供参考。

英文摘要：

To explore the effect of soil structure on soil infiltration,the water movement characteristics of Yunnan red loam under the condition of freshwater drip irrigation was assessed by the comparison of the indoor and outdoor experiments,in which single and double point source drip irrigation with three drip discharges（2.68,3.74,4.68L/h）was arranged.The soil bulk density was 1.2g/cm~3.The specifically analyzed characteristics of wetting front and wetting body under a certain drip discharge between undisturbed and disturbed soils would reveal the regional soil moisture migration rule,which provided reference basis for regional crop irrigation.The results showed that：（1）The wetting front transport rate of undisturbed soil was faster, and the earth＇s surface wetting proportion of undisturbed soil increased faster than that of disturbed soil with the change of intersection time,which indicated that migration velocity of wetting front was related to soil porosity;（2）Under the same observation time,the wet body of undisturbed soil changed more quickly, and the wet body flat rate of undisturbed soil（16.53% ）was greater than that of disturbed soil（45% ）;（3）The moisture content contour of undisturbed and disturbed soil had the same change trend,but did not overlap,while the degree of density differed;（4）The fractal dimension of undisturbed soil was less than that of disturbed soil,which indicated that the soil pore distribution of undisturbed soil differed,while the texture of disturbed soil was relatively uniform.The results revealed the soil moisture migration characteristics of undisturbed and disturbed Yunnan red loam, and provided reference for further mechanism research.