中文摘要：

采用气相色谱-质谱技术对松脂的催化歧化新工艺的反应产物进行分析，共分离出45个峰，鉴定出其中的38个化合物，并发现松脂歧化产物中歧化松节油的主要成分为对伞花烃，含量为16．26％；歧化松香的主要成分为脱氢枞酸和氢化树脂酸，其含量分别为41．58％和21．43％。在此基础上对松脂歧化反应过程进行了初步探讨，认为松脂原料中的酸性物质发生分子间氢转移反应，萜烯烃的存在促进了脱氢反应的进行；在树脂酸提供的酸性环境下松脂原料中中性油的主要成分双环单萜烯发生开环异构形成单环单萜烯，单环单萜烯再进行催化脱氢转化为对伞花烃。分析结果表明，直接以松脂为原料进行催化歧化反应可同时获得特级歧化松香和高含量的对伞花烃。

英文摘要：

The reaction products of a new pine gum catalytic disproportionation were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry （GC/MS） using HP-5MS flexible quartz capillary column. Forty-five peaks were separated and 38 compounds were identified. It was found that the main product of the disproportionated turpentine from pine gum was p-cymene （ 15.25% ）, and the main chemical compositions of disproportionated rosin were dehydroabietic acid （41.58%） and hydrogenation resin acid （21.43%）. In addition, the mechanism of pine gum catalytic disproportionation was preliminarily investigated based on the analysis results. The results showed that resin acids of pine gum produced the intermolecular hydrogen transfer reaction, and the dehydrogenation of resin acids was promoted by the solvent effect of terpenes. It was indicated that the double ring monoterpene in the turpentine of pine gum was converted into monocyclic ring monoterpene by ring-opening isomerization reaction, and then into pcymene by catalytic dehydrogenation in the presence of resin acids. Based on the results it was also found that the superfine disproportionated rosin and high contents of p-cymene could be obtained from pine gum using the novel process.