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中文摘要：
利用能量原理对倾斜的剪切带．带外弹性岩石构成的系统的稳定性进行了研究。单轴压缩岩样沿轴向的变形被分解为两部分，带外弹性岩石压缩引起的变形和剪切带错动引起的变形。后者与剪切带的相对剪切变形具有简单的几何关系。系统的总势能由剪切带的弹性及耗散势能和带外弹性岩石对剪切带所作的外力功构成。剪切带的弹性及耗散势能与剪切带的体积有关系。剪切带的尺寸由梯度塑性理论确定。将系统的总势能对相对剪切变形求一阶导数（等于零），得到了弹性岩石的平衡条件。将总势能对相对剪切变形求二阶导数（小于零），得到了系统的失稳判据。它综合反映了岩石材料弹性及应变软化阶段本构参数（弹性模量及软化模量）、剪切带之外弹性岩石的尺寸、剪切带的尺寸及系统的结构形式（剪切带倾角）对系统稳定性的影响。失稳判据比以往所得到的失稳判据更严格，更精确，更具有广泛意义。
英文摘要：
Stability of the system （rock specimen in uniaxial compression） composed of inclined shear band and elastic rock outside the band was analyzed in terms of energy principle. Axial deformation of the specimen is decomposed into two parts. One is due to the compression of elastic rock; the other is induced by the shear slip along shear band. The latter is related to the relative shear deformation between the top and base of shear band through a simple geometrical relation. Total potential energy is composed of elastic and dissipated potential energies in shear band as well as work done by external force. Potential energies in the band depend on the volume of shear band. The thickness of the band is determined by gradient-dependent plasticity. The first-order derivative equal to zero of total potential energy with respect to the relative shear deformation of shear band leads to the equilibrium condition of elastic rock. The second-order derivative less than zero of total potential energy with respect to the relative shear deformation of shear band results in the unstable criterion of the system. The present unstable criterion can reflect the influences of the constitutive parameters of rock in elastic and strain-softening stages, the volumes of elastic rock and shear band as well as the structural form on the stability of the system. The present analytical unstable criterion is strict and accurate, which is a generalization from existing analytical unstable criterion by Wang et al.
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