中文摘要：

采集大港油田油井well-1017采出液,利用GC-MS分析油藏原油结构并利用16S r DNA克隆文库技术分析油藏内源微生物群落结构特征,探索极端油藏环境下细菌和古细菌的群落功能。研究结果表明：长期水驱开采导致了油藏采出液含水率、原油重质组分升高,原油品位下降。同时,油藏内源微生物16S r DNA克隆文库系统反映了油藏细菌群落包括Proteobacteria、Firmicutes、Nitrospirae、Bacteroidetes、Thermotogae、Deferribacteres、Caldiserica、Dictyoglomi和Aquificae等9个门类,而古细菌群落主要包括广古菌门Euryarchaeota的Methanobacteria、Archaeoglobi、Methanomicrobia和Thermococci等4个纲结构;微生物文库构成显示极端油藏环境下仍存在着丰富的功能微生物资源,其在石油烃降解、产表面活性剂和产甲烷等方面展现出较大的应用潜力。研究极端油藏微生物群落结构多样性,可以为微生物驱油技术在低品位油藏资源的开采应用中提供重要的生物信息。

英文摘要：

Oil production water was sampled from well-1017 in Dagang oilfield. In this study,GC-MS was used to analyse crude oil from the oil reservoir,while indigenous microbial community structures were investigated for exploring those functions of bacterial and archaeal communities based on the 16 S r DNA clone library analysis. Results showed that there was a higher oil water cut and heavy component,but a depressed grade of crude oil using water flooding for a long time.Meanwhile,on the basis of microbial 16 S r DNA clone library investigation,the bacterial community contained nine phyla of Proteobacteria、 Firmicutes、 Nitrospirae、 Bacteroidetes、 Thermotogae、 Deferribacteres、 Caldiserica、 Dictyoglomi and Aquificae,while there were four main classes of Methanobacteria、Archaeoglobi、Methanomicrobia and Thermococci in the phylum of Euryarchaeota. Extreme oil reservoir had abundant functional microorganisms,and those microbes possessed great application potentials in the hydrocarbon degradation,biosurfactant production and CH4 production. Better investigating microbial diversities of extreme oil reservoirs will provide significant biological information for the MEOR application in the low-grade crude oil reservoir exploitation.