中文摘要：

探索PCA3基因在前列腺组织发育过程中的表达情况。采用实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（FQ-RT-PCR）方法检测18例胎儿、27例良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者和15例前列腺癌（PCa）患者前列腺组织中的PCA3 mRNA、AMACR mRNA和PSA mRNA的表达情况。结果在胎儿前列腺组18例标本中均未检测到PCA3 mRNA的表达,不同胎龄组（13～17周、18～21周、22～25周）中PSA mRNA含量无统计学差异（P〉1.05）,13～17周组与18～21周组、13～17周组与22～25周组中AMACR mRNA含量都有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,18～21周组与22～25周组AMACR mRNA含量无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。胎儿前列腺组、BPH组和PCa组中的AMACR mRNA和PSA mRNA含量逐步增加,且差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。PCA3基因在胚胎组织中不表达,在前列腺肿瘤时过表达,提示PCA3基因可能是作为前列腺肿瘤发生时的重要的调节基因。而AMACR和PSA基因在胚胎组织中表达,只是在前列腺肿瘤发生时过表达。

英文摘要：

To study the expression of PCA3 gene in prostate tissue development. We used real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （FQ-RT-PCR） method to detect the expression of PCA3 mRNA, AMACR mRNA and PSA mRNA in 18 fetal prostate tissues, 27 benign prostate hypertrophy （BPH） tissues and 15 prostate cancer （PCa） tissues. Results showed that no PCA3 mRNA was detected in fetal prostate group. Among 13-17 weeks group, 18-21 weeks group and 22-25 weeks group the expression of PSA mRNA had no statistical significance （P〉0.05） and the expression of AMACR mRNA had statistical significance （P〈0.05）, however, it was statisticaly insignificant between 18-21 weeks group and 22-25 weeks group （P〉0.05）. The expression ofAMACR mRNA and PSA mRNA in fetal prostate group, BPH group and PCa group gradually increasing, and the difference among them had statistical significance （P〈0.05）. The results suggested that PCA3 gene may be an important regulatory gene in prostate cancer. Furthermore, AMACR and PSA gene express in embryonic tissue and only over-express in prostate cancer.