中文摘要：

新型光束偏转技术能够实现激光光束方向的实时可编程控制。利用基于液晶的光束偏转技术可建立无机械、低功耗、小型和轻量光束敏捷精确控制系统。综述了光束偏转技术国内外发展现状，阐述了基于液晶的光束偏转系统的原理和关键技术，以自行研制的液晶光学相控阵（LCoPA）为例说明了器件的设计与优化方法，分析了影响器件衍射效率的因素及改进措施，对提高液晶光学相控阵时间响应等性能的途径加以总结，并对基于液晶的光束偏转技术的发展方向作了展望。

英文摘要：

Novel laser beam steering technologies are capable of steering a laser beam in real-time and programmable fashion. The precision non-mechanical agile beam steering system based on liquid crystals can be established in a way of small size, light weight, and low power consumption. The research progresses of beam steering technologies at home and abroad are summarized. The principle and some key technologies of beam steering system based on liquid crystal are introduced. Taking the self-maded liquid crystal optical phased array （LCOPA） as example, the factors that affect diffraction efficiency of the device are analyzed, the methods that design and optimize the device are explained and discussed. The ways that improve the features of LCOPA are summarized including response time, dispersion, and broadband beam steering et al. The research trend of beam steering technologies based on liquid crystal is previewed.