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中文摘要：
采用同步辐射小角X射线散射（SAXS）技术研究了柴油和燃料油燃烧所生成的碳烟的微观结构。基于小角散射理论，通过对散射强度曲线的拟合，得到粒径尺寸分布、回转半径、表面微结构与界面特征和分形特征等。研究结果表明：柴油生成的碳烟粒径集中在10～30nm，燃料油生成碳烟粒径集中在10～45nm，符合高斯分布。散射数据均呈现Porod正偏离，说明碳烟内部存在微结构起伏区。碳烟粒子具有分形特征和表面特征，质量分形维数在0．2～2．5之间，表面分形维数在2．1～2．2之间。
英文摘要：
The microstructure of soot created by diesel oil and other fuel oil combustion was investigated by means of synchrotronously emitted small-angle X-ray scattering （SAXS）. Based on SAXS theory, by fitting scattering intensity distribution curve, the soot microstructure information, including particle size distribution, radius of gyration, surface microstructure, interface and fractal characters was obtained. Results show that the soot particle size mostly concentrates in ranges of 10 ~ 30 nm（by diesel oil） and 10 ~ 45 nm（by other fuel oil）, respectively, conforming Gaussian distribution. The Porod plots, of soot exhibit a positive deviation, suggesting existence of microstructure fluctuations in the soot. The soot particles have mass and surface fractal characteristics with dimensions of 0.2~2.5 and 2.1~2.2 respectively.
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