中文摘要：

目的利用锥形束CT（CBCT）观测四川籍人群副颏孔（AMF）的解剖学数据，为临床颏孔（MF）区种植手术及颏部外科手术等提供解剖学数据。方法调取890例就诊于四川大学华西口腔医院患者的CBCT资料，由一名专业口腔医生对AMF的发生率、直径、同侧MF直径、与同侧MF的直径比例、中心距离、相对位置及与相邻牙的相对位置等进行观察测量。所有数据采用统计学软件SPSS20．0进行统计学分析。结果四川籍人群AMF的发生率为6．63％，AMF及同侧MF的平均直径分别为（1．65±0．25）mm和（3．84±0．64）mm，AMF与同侧MF的平均直径比例为0．4±0．1，AMF与同侧MF的中心距离平均为（5．45±0．85）mm。AMF与相邻解剖结构的相对位置变异较大，多位于同侧MF的后下位和前上位，第二前磨牙和第一磨牙之间。结论四川籍人群AMF的发生率较高，平均直径为1．65mm，与同侧MF及相邻牙的相对位置多样。临床进行MF区种植手术及颏部外科手术时应注意AMF的存在。

英文摘要：

Objective The aim of this study was to provide anatomical data for clinical mandibular surgery and implant surgery in mental foramen（MF） area by observation of anatomical data of accessory mental foramina（AMF） of Sichuan population with application of cone beam CT（CBCT）. Methods A sample of 890 cases＇ CBCT data were obtained from patients visited West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University. The prevalence of AMF, diameter, diameter of corresponding ipsilateral MF, ratio between diameters of AMF and corresponding ipsilateral MF, the distance and relative position to corresponding ipsilateral MF and relative position to the adjacent teeth were observed and measured by a pro- fessional dentist. All data was statistically analyzed by statistical software SPSS 20.0. Results The incidence of AMF in Sichuan population was 6.63%. The mean diameters of AMF and their corresponding ipsilateral MF were （1.65±0.25） mm and （3.84±0.64） ram. The ratio of mean diameters of AMF to corresponding ipsilateral MF was 0.4±0.1. The mean central distance of AMF to corresponding ipsilateral MF was （5.45±0.85） ram. The relative position of AMF to adjacent anatomical structures varied greatly and mostly located posterior inferior position and anterior superior position to corresponding ipsilateral MF, as well as, between the second premolar and first molar. Conclusion The incidence of AMF in Sichuan population was high; the mean diameter was 1.65 mm, and the relative position to corresponding ipsilateral MF and adjacent teeth was diverse. In clinical implant surgery in MF area and surgery in MF area, dentists should pay attention to the existence of AMF.