中文摘要：

近视是危害青少年视力最主要的病因,其发病原因复杂。近年来,在全球各个地区针对近视发生的危险因素进行了大量的流行病学研究,这些研究中大多数为横断面研究,纵向队列研究相对缺乏。总的来说,近视的发生是遗传易感性和环境暴露之间复杂相互作用的结果。本文将对近年来国内外学者关于近视相关危险因素的研究作一综述。

英文摘要：

Myopia is the most important cause of visual impairment in adolescents. However, its etiology is complex. In recent years, a large number of epidemiological studies have been done on risk factors of myopia. Most of these studies is cross- sectional study, not longitudinal cohort study. Overall, the incidence of myopia is the result of the interaction between genetic susceptibility and environmental exposure. This review is about the risk factors for myopia.