中文摘要：

基于结构决定与相对剥夺的两种视角，本文研究发现了教育程度对收入分配公平感的复杂影响路径。教育程度作为优势性地位获得，对分配公平感存在正向影响。教育程度越高，收入分配公平感越强。但这种正向影响也存在条件性：教育作为个人地位投资，激发相应的回报期待，随着基于教育投入的期待收入与实际收入差距的扩大，这种正向影响会降低，且教育程度越高，降低的幅度越大。这一条件性的发现有利于解释既有研究的矛盾结论，具有重要的社会意涵：当教育投资作为“制度化手段”无法实现地位获得这一“文化目标”时，这种“断裂”可能会g】发“分配不公”的心理失范。

英文摘要：

Education returns have increased significantly in the transitional china. However, it differs among people in different districts, industries, institutions, and sectors. Educational investment becomes even less rewarded due to recruitment expansion in higher education, which has unexpectedly resulted in diploma devaluation and unemployment problem for university graduates. Such complex realities arouse series of thought-provoking issues, such as ＂What is the attitude each education investor held towards his or her own education returns？＂ Moreover, ＂ what is the relationship between education and one＇s perception of distributive justice？＂ At present, there are mainly two theories on perception of distributive justice, that is, the structural explanation and the relative deprived theory. The former proposes that people＇s perception of distributive justice is determined by their objective socio- economic status. The higher socio-economic status he/she has, the more sense of distributive justice he/she perceives. However, the latter argues that one＇s subjective comparison with others with the similar life experiences or social status affects his/her perceptions more significantly than his/her objective status. Hence, this study specifically aims to explain how education affects people＇s perception of distributive justice within these two analytic logics. Our empirical results show that both logics make sense, indicating that the effect of education on perception of distributive justice is much more complex than any single theory has claimed. As an indicator of people＇s superior status, educational background correlates positively with their perception of distributive justice. In other words, the one with higher education degree tends to justify his/her income distribution with favorable attitude. However, this trend changes when the social context or condition varies. As human capital investment, education may evoke one＇s expectation on his/her income level~ that is, the more he/she has