中文摘要：

对壳聚糖的抑菌性及其在果实保鲜中的应用技术进行分析和综述。壳聚糖具有广谱的抑菌性,能够抑制真菌孢子产生、萌发、芽管伸长和菌丝生长,其抑制效果与壳聚糖的分子量、脱乙酰度、基团修饰等分子特征直接相关并受溶液浓度、pH和溶剂类型的影响,其抑菌机理与其对细胞的直接损伤或作为信号物质直接或间接干扰细胞代谢过程相关。壳聚糖对多种果实采后病害具有防治效果,通过直接抑制病原菌的生长、提高果实抗性和延缓果实衰老等途径发挥作用。外源物质配合或采前采后应用技术的综合使用能提高壳聚糖对病害防治的效果。本文还对壳聚糖在该领域的应用前景和未来研究的重点进行了探讨。

英文摘要：

The antimicrobial activity of chitosan and its application in postharvest decay control of fruits are reviewed. Chitosan as a broad spectrum fungicide can inhibit the phytopathogenic fungi at different stages of life cycle, including the formation, germination and germ tube elongation of spores and mycelial growth. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of chitosan can be influenced by its molecular weight, degree of deacetylafion, concentration, pH value and the kind of solvent. The antimierobial mechanism is not always well-known although the issues that chitosan could play its role in extra or intercellular have been reported. The efficacy of chitosan in fruit decay control maybe due to its antimicrobial performance, its role as an elicitor and regulator. And the synergetic effect of chitosan in combination with other methods can improve its application in horticultural commodities storage.