中文摘要：

建立了一种微波-超声波协同一步提取衍生化、气相色谱-质谱联用快速测定中药材猫爪草中低含量脂肪酸的方法。以总脂肪酸的色谱峰面积为响应指标,采用响应曲面法优化了主要工艺参数,其结果为：猫爪草粉末5.0 g,正己烷50.0 mL,微波功率500 W,反应温度50℃,催化剂用量0.30 g,甲醇用量4.0 mL,提取衍生化时间8 min。以内标法定量各个脂肪酸的含量,一步提取衍生化法获得的总脂肪酸峰面积（（3.327±0.023）×107,n=3）和总不饱和脂肪酸含量（（13.59±0.30）mg/g,n=3）明显高于传统方法（（2.410±0.036）×107（n=3）和（12.05±0.34）mg/g（n=3））。该方法简化了复杂的样品处理过程,缩短了反应时间,降低了分析成本,改善了提取和衍生化效率,尤其是减少了不饱和脂肪酸的氧化和分解。该方法具有简单、快速和实用性的特点,是一种极具应用潜力的中药材中低含量脂肪酸的快速分析方法。

英文摘要：

A rapid and simple microwave-ultrasonic synergistic one-step extraction-derivatiza- tion （MUED） method and gas chromatography-mass spectromett2z was established for the determination of low content fatty acids （FAs） profile in Ranunculus ternatus Thunb. The critical experimental parameters for MUED method were optimized with response surface meth- odology by taking the chromatographic peak areas of total FAs as a major response index. The best technological parameters were determined as 5.0 g of Ran,unculs termtus Thunb. pow- der, 50.0 mL of n-hexane, 500 W of microwave power, 50 of reaction temperalure, 0.30 g of catalyst （KOH）, 4.0 mL of derivatization reagent （methanol） and the time of extraction- derivatization of 8 min. The contents of individual FAs were quantified by internal standard method. The results showed that the chromatographic peak areas of the total FAs and the total unsaturated FAs contents obtained with MUED were （3. 327 ±0.023 ） 107（ n = 3 ） and （13.59 ± 0.30） mg/g （ n = 3 ） respectively. They were markedly higher than those obtained by the conventional method which were （2.410 ±0.036） xl07（n =3） and （12.05 ±0.34） mg/g （n =3） respectively. The MUED method simplified the complicated sample handling steps, shortened the sample preparation time, reduced the cost of analysis, and improved the extraction and derivatization efficiency of the lipids, especially weakened the oxidization and decomposition ofthe unsaturated FAs. The simplicity, speed and practicability suggest the proposed method has significant potential for the determination of low content FAs in herbal medicines.